الـمُنادَى​The vocative

​The vocative * In grammar, the vocative is the language form pertaining to calling or used in callingsomeone to have them come and/or attract their attention. Example: يا زهير/ O Zuhair! (the speaker here calls on Zuhair to tell him something) * The vocative is made up of: a vocativeparticle حَرْفُ نِدَاء and anoun in the vocative مُنَادىً Example: يَا شَيْخُ / O Sheikh! (يَا is a vocativeparticle and شَيْخُ is anoun in the vocative) * The particles of the vocative are: يَا، أَيا، هَيَا، أيْ، (أَ)، وَا But the most used of which is by far"يَا" * The vocative is in the accusative case (Nasb) if it is: - annexed to another word. Example: يا طالبَ العلم/ O you seeker of knowledge! - similar to something in annexation. Example: يا كثيرًا فضله / O you, whose kindness is of a great deal! - an unintended indefiniteness. Example: يا حاكمًا اعدل في حكمك/ O ruler be just in your rule! (the speaker is addressing every ruler and not a definite one.) * The vocative is in the nominative case (Rafa) if it is: - a simple proper name. Example:يا زيدُ / O Zaid! - an intended indefiniteness. Example:انتبه يا رجلُ/ O man, take care! (You address here a particular man.) Note that theparticle of the vocative can be omitted if it is understood from the context. Example: ربَّنا اغفر لنا / Our Lord ! forgive us. (Originally, it is (O our Lord...) For more details,.